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Friday, July 18, 2025

In Memory of the Past: Goethe’s ‘Erster Verlust’

by Maureen Buja

Erster VerlustFirst Loss
Ach wer bringt die schönen Tage,Ah, who can bring back the beautiful days,
Jene Tage der ersten Liebe,Those days of first love,
Ach wer bringt nur eine StundeAh, who can bring back even one hour
Jener holden Zeit zurück!Of that lovely time!
Einsam nähr’ ich meine WundeLonely, I nurse my wound
Und mit stets erneuter KlageAnd with ever-renewed lament
Traur’ ich um’s verlorne Glück.I mourn for lost happiness.
Ach, wer bringt die schönen Tage,Ah, who can bring back the beautiful days,
Jene holde Zeit zurück!That lovely time!

Joseph Karl Stieler: Johann Wolfgang von Goethe at age 79, 1828 (Neue Pinakothek)

Joseph Karl Stieler: Johann Wolfgang von Goethe at age 79, 1828 (Neue Pinakothek)

Johann von Goethe (1749–1832)’s poem entitled ‘Erster Verlust’ (First loss) was first written in 1785 for his Singspiel Die ungleichen Hausgenossen (The Unequal Housemates), intended to be an aria for the Baroness, in Act II. The play was never completed, sidetracked, perhaps, by Goethe’s plans for his upcoming Italy trip. Luckily, he salvaged the poem (and two others) and included them in his Schriften of 1789. For the Schriften printing, Goethe wrote stanzas 2 and 3 anew.

Because of its small size and simple expression, the poems became a favourite of many composers, with some 50 setting it to music. We will look at the song and its setting over the century from 1813 through 1919. In this 8-line poem, Goethe expresses that painful memory of what was lost when one’s first love is no longer your love. There’s no idea of death, but rather hints of decisions made, time lost, and a mourning for the past.

Carl Friedrich Zelter (1758–1832) was one of Goethe’s favourite composers and became the poet’s musical advisor. He was a detailed chronicler of musical events of his time, and his letters are a prime source of information about significant events, such as the famed 1812 meeting of Beethoven and Goethe. Organised by Bettina Brentano, the two men met in the Bohemian spa town of Teplitz. As expected, they did not agree with each other’s self-assessment: Beethoven thought the poet too loving of the court atmosphere, and Goethe thought the composer had ‘an absolutely uncontrolled personality’. Goethe was 63 years old and Beethoven a mere 42.

Zelter wrote over 200 lieder, 75 of them to texts by Goethe. He detailed his thoughts on lieder writing in a letter to the composer Carl Loewe: the text must take priority, the strophic song is to be preferred to ‘absolute through-composing’, and the accompaniment must stay in the background.

Goethe, for his part, had his musical demands, the primary of which was that the music should support the poet’s words. This led Zelter to write music that was plain and strophic, even when the textual manner was more emotional. The music serves the poet’s words, and we can understand why Goethe was so taken with him. Famously, Goethe preferred Zelter’s setting of the poem Erlkönig, rather than the more dramatic setting by Schubert that is so well known today.

The song was published in 1813 as part of Zelter’s collection of 48 sämmtliche Lieder, Balladen und Romanzen; the four-volume collection was in its second edition by 1816.

Carl Begas: Carl Friedrich Zelter, 1827 (Sing-Akademie zu Berlin)

Carl Begas: Carl Friedrich Zelter, 1827 (Sing-Akademie zu Berlin)

Franz Schubert (1797–1828) picked up the text in 1815 and made it part of his Op. 5 collection, setting it in a precise and concise manner, and reserving his emotion for the last word of the 2nd stanza, ‘Wunde’ (wound). The minor-key setting is full of wistful memory and desire.

Wilhelm August Reider: Franz Schubert, 1875 after a 1825 watercolour (Vienna Museum)

Wilhelm August Reider: Franz Schubert, 1875 after a 1825 watercolour (Vienna Museum)



Bohemian composer Václav Jan Křtitel Tomášek (1774–1850) led the musical world of Prague in the first half of the 19th century. He was the central point of the Mozart cult in Prague, and his fame spread through his lieder and piano compositions. Of his 63 lieder, 41 are settings of Goethe, and Goethe made a point of telling Tomášek in 1822 how much he approved of Tomášek’s work.

Tomášek met the 73-year-old poet in the Bohemian town now called Cheb, and after discussing music, poetry and minerals (Goethe had a famous rock collection), the poet encouraged the composer to play for him. Goethe gave him a book of poetry, and the 48-year-old composer played his music from memory. It was after Mignon’s Sehnsucht that the poet exclaimed, ‘you have understood the poem’, and then went on to say that he could not ‘understand how both Beethoven and Spohr could so entirely misinterpret it and treat it as though it were an aria and not a Lied.’

Tomášek’s setting is full of simple declarations, less full of melancholic regret than we find in other settings. There is still the emphasis on ‘Wunde’, but the setting of the first work of the first and last stanza’s first word, ‘Ach’ (Ah), that seems to carry the sharp despair.

Antonín Machek: Portrait of the Composer V. J. Tomášek, after 1816 (Prague: National Gallery)

Antonín Machek: Portrait of the Composer V. J. Tomášek, after 1816 (Prague: National Gallery)


Felix Mendelssohn’s setting in 1841, as part of his Op. 99 collection Sechs Gesänge, expands the setting enormously, setting the same lines multiple times. The impression of the setting is somehow of deeper regret. The contrasting music for the second verse again puts emphasis on the word ‘wound’. The song concludes with decoration on the word ‘holde’ (lovely), bringing the beloved back one more time.

Horace Vernet: Felix Mendelssohn, 1831

Horace Vernet: Felix Mendelssohn, 1831


Austrian composer Hugo Wolf (1860–1903) set the poem in 1876, as part of his Op. 9 collection, which set the poetry of Lenau, Goethe, and V. Zuzner. Wolf started writing music to the texts of Goethe at age 15, starting with 3 songs for male chorus.

When he set Erster Verlust, he was following the model set for him already by Reichardt, Zelter, Tomášek and Mendelssohn. Although this early setting, created in 1875 when he was just 15, shows much skill, we’re still dealing with the composer’s juvenilia. It is nothing compared to the lieder where he would show his genius.

Hugo Wolf

Hugo Wolf


Nicolai Medtner (1879–1951) published his op. 6 collection of 9 Goethe-Lieder between 1901and 1905. The majority of Medtner’s published songs are Russian, but Goethe was one of the most important German poets he set to music. Three of his Goethe collections resulted in him being awarded the Glinka Prize in 1909.

The lied was composed as a wedding present for his brother Emil and his bride Anna; however, the present had more than good wishes behind it. Nicolai had been forbidden marriage with Anna, and so his older brother Emil took his place; the marriage was never consummated. Eventually, Emil and Anna divorced, and then Nicolai and Anna were free to marry.

As a collection, it must be regarded as a wedding gift not to his brother but to his sweetheart, and a text such as Erster Verlust becomes particularly poignant. However, since his first lost love would eventually become his wife, this is one time when the story has a happy ending.

Nicolai Medtner

Nicolai Medtner


In his setting, Alban Berg (1885–1935) cuts off the last couplet of the poem, setting only the first two stanzas. The work was written in 1905 when he was just beginning as a composer. He worked with Arnold Schoenberg between 1904 and 1911 and was able to combine Schoenberg’s 12-tone technique with his own late-Romantic lyricism. He started with Schoenberg studying harmony, counterpoint, and music theory, and then, from 1907, composition. Even before studying with Schoenberg, he was a prolific composer, with some 80 lieder to his name. Schoenberg thought he was stuck in song, and over the years of study, made him work on his instrumental compositions.

Of all the Second Viennese School composers, he’s the one who has remained the most listenable. His operas remain in the repertoire.

The simplicity of this early song compared to what we know of his later works gives us true indication of what he learned from Schoenberg. Erster verlust was one of only three songs Berg wrote to a Goethe text, as he gradually started working with texts by more modern poets.

Alban Berg

Alban Berg


Justus Hermann Wetzel (1879–1973) set Goethe’s text in 1919, as part of his Op. 3 Liederkreis collection. Over his long life, Wetzel composed over 600 songs of which fewer than 150 are still in the repertoire.

His style of clear melodic lines matched with an intense mood makes this song sound less like 1919 and more like 1819.

Erick Büttner: Justus Hermann Wetzel, 1930 (Berlin: Neue Natioanalgalerie)

Erick Büttner: Justus Hermann Wetzel, 1930 (Berlin: Neue Natioanalgalerie)


Tracking the setting of this song for a century reveals an enormous amount about what composers read into the text and how tastes in lied writing circle around. Goethe’s insistence on the primacy of the text (as befitted him as the poet) could be seen as standing in the way of the composer’s need to create interpretations and filter for the material. Probably one of the most effective settings is Medtner’s, truly written for a lost love and given to the woman herself.

A composer takes his text and then decides what to emphasise (‘wunde’ or ‘Ach’) and how to place that emphasis. Realisation of the meaning of the text can happen in many ways. Not every composer wrote in a minor key, and not every composer read the poem the same way. A survey such as this gives us a deeper appreciation for the way certain composers (including Schubert) were able to find their way through such a seriously emotional path.

What Was It Like Being Liszt’s Student?

by Emily E. Hogstad

She studied at the New England Conservatory of Music in the 1860s and, in 1869, took the daring transoceanic journey to further her studies in Germany.

While in Europe, she studied with Liszt’s student Carl Tausig, as well as Liszt himself.

Her letters to her sister served as the foundation for her book Music Study in Germany, which was published in 1880, and offers a tantalising glimpse into what it was like to be around Liszt in the 1870s.

Today, we’re looking at some of the best stories from Fay’s book.

Amy Fay

Amy Fay

Liszt could flirt and watch a play simultaneously.

Last night I arrived in Weimar, and this evening I have been to the theatre, which is very cheap here, and the first person I saw, sitting in a box opposite, was Liszt, from whom, as you know, I am bent on getting lessons, though it will be a difficult thing I fear, as I am told that Weimar is overcrowded with people who are on the same errand.

I recognised Liszt from his portrait, and it entertained and interested me very much to observe him.

He was making himself agreeable to three ladies, one of whom was very pretty.

He sat with his back to the stage, not paying the least attention, apparently, to the play, for he kept talking all the while himself, and yet no point of it escaped him, as I could tell by his expression and gestures. 

Liszt was “the most striking-looking man imaginable.”

Hermann Biow: Franz Liszt, 1943

Hermann Biow: Franz Liszt, 1943

Liszt is the most interesting and striking-looking man imaginable.

Tall and slight, with deep-set eyes, shaggy eyebrows, and long iron-grey hair, which he wears parted in the middle.

His mouth turns up at the corners, which gives him a most crafty and Mephistophelean expression when he smiles, and his whole appearance and manner have a sort of Jesuitical elegance and ease.

His hands are very narrow, with long and slender fingers that look as if they had twice as many joints as other people’s. They are so flexible and supple that it makes you nervous to look at them.

Anything like the polish of his manner, I never saw. When he got up to leave the box, for instance, after his adieux to the ladies, he laid his hand on his heart and made his final bow,—not with affectation, or in mere gallantry, but with a quiet courtliness which made you feel that no other way of bowing to a lady was right or proper. It was most characteristic.

Liszt didn’t actually think of himself as a teacher.

Sophie Menter

Sophie Menter

He asked me if I had been to Sophie Menter’s concert in Berlin the other day.

I said yes. He remarked that Miss Menter was a great favourite of his…

I asked him if Sophie Menter was a pupil of his. He said no, he could not take the credit of her artistic success to himself.

I heard afterwards that he really had done ever so much for her, but he won’t have it said that he teaches!

Later, Fay writes:

He says “people fly in his face by dozens,” and seems to think he is “only there to give lessons.”

He gives no paid lessons whatever, as he is much too grand for that, but if one has talent enough, or pleases him, he lets one come to him and play to him.

Liszt inspired and encouraged his pupils to develop their own artistic identities.

Nothing could exceed Liszt’s amiability, or the trouble he gave himself, and instead of frightening me, he inspired me. Never was there such a delightful teacher! and he is the first sympathetic one I’ve had.

You feel so free with him, and he develops the very spirit of music in you. He doesn’t keep nagging at you all the time, but he leaves you your own conception.

Now and then, he will make a criticism, or play a passage, and with a few words give you enough to think of all the rest of your life.

There is a delicate point to everything he says, as subtle as he is himself. He doesn’t tell you anything about the technique. You must work this out for yourself.

When I had finished the first movement of the sonata, Liszt, as he always does, said  “Bravo!”     

Liszt was a difficult artist to turn pages for because he sight-read so quickly.

He made me come and turn the leaves. Gracious! how he does read!

It is very difficult to turn for him, for he reads ever so far ahead of what he is playing, and takes in fully five bars at a glance, so you have to guess about where you think he would like to have the page over.

Once I turned it too late, and once too early, and he snatched it out of my hand and whirled it back.    

We know exactly what Liszt’s quarters in Weimar looked like.

It is so delicious in that room of his! It was all furnished and put in order for him by the Grand Duchess herself.

The walls are pale grey, with a gilded border running round the room, or rather two rooms, which are divided, but not separated, by crimson curtains.

The furniture is crimson, and everything is so comfortable—such a contrast to German bareness and stiffness generally.

A splendid grand piano stands in one window (he receives a new one every year). The other window is always wide open and looks out on the park.

There is a dove-cote just opposite the window, and the doves promenade up and down on the roof of it, and fly about, and sometimes whirr down on the sill itself. That pleases Liszt.

His writing table is beautifully fitted up with things that all match. Everything is in bronze – ink-stand, paper-weight, match-box, etc., and there is always a lighted candle standing on it by which he and the gentlemen can light their cigars.

There is a carpet on the floor, a rarity in Germany, and Liszt generally walks about, and smokes, and mutters (he can never be said to talk), and calls upon one or other of us to play.

Liszt was fully aware of how his charisma affected his audiences.

Liszt knows well the influence he has on people, for he always fixes his eyes on some of us when he plays, and I believe he tries to wring our hearts.

When he plays a passage and goes pearling down the keyboard, he often looks over at me and smiles to see whether I am appreciating it.

Liszt enjoyed telling people about the time that Chopin put on a wig to impersonate him.

Frédéric Chopin

Frédéric Chopin

It was the first time I ever heard Liszt really talk, for he contents himself mostly with making little jests. He is full of esprit.

We were speaking of the faculty of mimicry, and he told me such a funny little anecdote about Chopin.

He said that when he and Chopin were young together, somebody told him that Chopin had a remarkable talent for mimicry, and so he said to Chopin, “Come round to my rooms this evening and show off this talent of yours.”

So Chopin came. He had purchased a blonde wig (“I was very blonde at that time,” said Liszt), which he put on, and got himself up in one of Liszt’s suits.

Presently an acquaintance of Liszt’s came in, Chopin went to meet him instead of Liszt, and took off his voice and manner so perfectly, that the man actually mistook him for Liszt, and made an appointment with him for the next day—”and there I was in the room,” said Liszt. Wasn’t that remarkable?   

Liszt actually played wrong notes, but he enjoyed doing so, and knew how to get out of them.

Liszt sometimes strikes wrong notes when he plays, but it does not trouble him in the least. On the contrary, he rather enjoys it.

He reminds me of one of the cabinet ministers in Berlin, of whom it is said that he has an amazing talent for making blunders, but a still more amazing one for getting out of them and covering them up.

Of Liszt the first part of this is not true, for if he strikes a wrong note it is simply because he chooses to be careless. But the last part of it applies to him eminently.

It always amuses him instead of disconcerting him when he comes down squarely wrong, as it affords him an opportunity of displaying his ingenuity and giving things such a turn that the false note will appear simply a key leading to new and unexpected beauties.

An accident of this kind happened to him in one of the Sunday matinees, when the room was full of distinguished people and of his pupils. He was rolling up the piano in arpeggios in a very grand manner indeed, when he struck a semi-tone short of the high note upon which he had intended to end.

I caught my breath and wondered whether he was going to leave us like that, in mid-air, as it were, and the harmony unresolved, or whether he would be reduced to the humiliation of correcting himself like ordinary mortals, and taking the right chord.

A half smile came over his face, as much as to say—”Don’t fancy that this little thing disturbs me,”—and he instantly went meandering down the piano in harmony with the false note he had struck, and then rolled deliberately up in a second grand sweep, this time striking true.

I never saw a more delicious piece of cleverness. It was so quick-witted and so exactly characteristic of Liszt. Instead of giving you a chance to say, “He has made a mistake,” he forced you to say, “He has shown how to get out of a mistake.”

Thursday, July 17, 2025

 James Inverne

Tuesday, July 1, 2025

James Inverne on why he was drawn to write a play about a scandal around the writing of two rival La bohèmes

James Inverne (photo: Yehonathan Elozory)
James Inverne (photo: Yehonathan Elozory)

Creativity, and creative people, and their creative works, often make me emotional. I don’t think I’m alone in that. There is something about slamming into a work of artistic genius – the emotional connection, the feeling of truth writ large, the distillation of human truth – that can be overwhelming. I don’t think I understood any of that about Nineteenth Century Italian opera when I went to see Verdi’s Il Trovatore as my first opera, aged five; back then I looked at it more as a gripping adventure story, and the fact that everyone seemed to be singing like their lives depended on it seemed exciting. But the more I learnt about Italian society in the closing quarter of that century, the more fascinated I became.

Because, as the golden era of Italian opera entered its last stretch, with Verdi ageing-out and contenders circling to inherit his crown, paradoxically, the number of talented composers seems to have been higher than ever, many of them crammed into the bustling streets of Milan. I’ve often tried to imagine what it was like to live in a city where so many of them lived and competed. Puccini, Leoncavallo, Ponchielli, Catalani, Mascagni, Giordano, Cilea, Boito, others now all-but-forgotten, like Emilio Pizzi, Franco Leoni and Alberto Franchetti (who also found time for a second job as an early racing car driver!). So numerous was the roll-call of composers, one imagines it was almost like the ubiquitous stereotype of waiters in New York handing out their actors’ resumes - so, in 1890s Milan, perhaps one might have had a score pushily served with one’s coffee and cannoli.

Rehearsals for 'That Bastard, Puccini!' – Lisa-Anne Wood and Alasdair Buchan (photo: Ben Hewis Videography)


So much artistic intensity in such a relatively small area – and what makes that intensity seem all the more, well, intense, is that this was the era of verismo opera. That blood-and-thunder style where hearts are not so much worn on characters’ sleeves as slapped, raw and bleeding, on tables – as their owners sing of emotional desperation, and at some point, quite often, commit murder or fight a duel (either is acceptable). It’s easy to make fun of, but there’s a reason verismo operas were so popular, and still are – they offer a direct line into pure, concentrated emotionality. Consequently, one imagines being in the company of the men tapped into that kind of inspiration to be entirely exhilarating. Add a large dose of competitiveness, dishonesty and desperation (just because they were talented didn’t mean they were all successful, or even comfortably-off) and it must also have been maddening, exhausting (and, for lovers of gossip and intrigue, delicious!). But what a time, in what a place.

All of this is distilled in the fantastic story of Puccini, Leoncavallo and ‘the battle of the Bohèmes’. Although not-widely known, I’d been aware of a version of it since my father enlivened a Friday-night video showing of Puccini’s La bohème by simply telling me that Puccini had filched the idea for that subject from Leoncavallo. What I only discovered years later was that both men embarked on a race to compose their own version, that the attendant scandal rocked Italy, quite how much was at stake, and the fantastic gallery of supporting players. It was, and is, one heck of a juicy story, at once extremely funny and profoundly moving. But more than that, researching it after the Covid-enforced long abstinence from theatres, it struck me how much of the essence of the creative process itself, and what it demands, and what it gives – or doesn’t – in return, could be encompassed within it.

Rehearsals for 'That Bastard, Puccini!' – Sebastien Torkia and Alasdair Buchan (photo: Ben Hewis Videography)


And so I set out to write my new play, That Bastard, Puccini!. There were new discoveries all along the way; unbelievable twists and turns that I would not have dared to make up (‘Of course you know about that night in Venice…’ said the then-head of La Fenice Opera House, before casually telling me the most incredible anecdote that would later become one of my favourite scenes in the play). The composers’ wives became, rightly, vitally important characters; while the story stretched to incorporate other composers, from other lands – Massenet in France, Mahler in Czechoslovakia and Austria. And writing about all of this creativity freed me up to feel I could take creative liberties in the way the tale would be told.

And so, here we are. Some four years after I began writing the play, Puccini’s Milan will come to London’s Finsbury Park, as That Bastard, Puccini! is about to open at the esteemed Park Theatre, with a cracking cast and director. And, whatever the oft-cited ‘art that conceals art’ might be, I’m hoping for the precise opposite – a work of art that reveals something of, well, art itself. Set in one of its most glorious periods.


Four formative verismo recordings

A playlist of four recordings (some of them live/unofficial) that helped to shape my love affair with the verismo composers:

1) Leoncavallo, Pagliacci – Corelli, Micheluzzi, Gobbi, cond. Simonetto (various labels including Archipel Records)

Caught in Milan in 1954, this may be the all-round most vivid and idiomatic ‘Pag’ on record. Tito Gobbi’s Prologue, in vocally his best period, is a masterclass in expressive singing, while Corelli is thrillingly intense as Canio, and Mafalda Micheluzzi has you wondering why she didn’t have a bigger career. Conceived as the soundtrack to a television film, this works far better without the badly-dubbed visuals!

2) Ponchielli, La Gioconda – Tucker, Souliotis, MacNeil, Elias, Washington, cond. Bartoletti (various labels including Opera Depot)

What a blazing 1966 night in Buenos Aires this must have been! The difficulty with staging Ponchieli’s masterpiece is not only, famously, that a theatre has to blow up a ship on stage, but that you also need five, world-class singers to soar in the composer’s all-or-nothing vocal writing. This was one of Richard Tucker’s signature roles at the Met, and all these years later, he still clearly ‘owns’ it. As exciting, Elena Souliotis is caught at the peak of her short-lived career, singing with delicacy as well as the power she was famous for. Even Cornell MacNeil, on best vocal behaviour, is fabulously imposing.

3) Giordano, Andrea Chenier – Gigli, Naiglia, Bechi cond. De Fabritiis (Naxos)

Umberto Giordano was still alive in 1941, when this recording was made in Italy, though dead by the time it was released in the UK (the delay was due to the wartime divide between the two countries). And one can feel a stylistic direct line to verismo’s heyday. Cast and conducting are magnificent – Gino Bechi towering (in the days before he ceded the spotlight to Gobbi), and an ‘oh look!’ supporting cast of Italian opera luminaries. But it’s all about Gigli who, aptly enough for the role of a revolutionary poet, turns his every aria into, well, sheer poetry.

4) Leoncavallo, Zaza - Jaho, Massi, cond. Benini (Opera Rara)

Just to show we are all still being formed all the time (!), I only discovered Leoncavallo’s Zaza a couple of years ago, and the complete Opera Rara recording under Maurizio Benini makes the most convincing case possible – which is pretty darn convincing – that Zaza is really Leoncavallo’s neglected major work. Ermonela Jaho in the lead has a rare, and fascinating, blend of smoothness and that traditional Italianate style of spinto which often comes with a bit of acidity in the voice, but not so here.

James Inverne’s play, That Bastard, Puccini!, starts performances at The Park Theatre, London, from July 10, with its final performance on August 9. For more information, visit: parktheatre.co.uk

Glinka: "Ruslan and Lyudmila" Overture (with Score)


Mikhail Glinka: "Ruslan and Lyudmila" Overture (with Score) Composed: 1837–42 Conductor: Mikhail Pletnev Orchestra: Russian National Orchestra Glinka, considered the father of Russian Nationalism in music, is largely known for two works: the operas A Life for the Tsar (1834 - 1836) and Ruslan and Lyudmila (1837 - 1842). Though the latter work met with a tepid reception at its premiere, while the former was an immediate success, Ruslan would eventually come to be ranked as his most influential effort, its rhythmically and harmonically inventive music rising above its mediocre libretto. Popular in the concert halls for a century and a half has been the work's perky overture, probably the composer's most widely performed orchestral piece. The Overture opens with a driving rhythmic figure that augurs the rhythmic styles of Borodin, Rimsky-Korsakov, and so many other Russian composers from succeeding generations. There follows a vigorous, joyous theme that hustles and leaps about with seemingly unbounded energy. After this melody is presented in a slightly subdued guise, a second theme is heard, a lively but mellow creation especially in its first appearance, played in the middle ranges of the cellos. Later, the opening rhythm is recalled and the themes are developed somewhat as the mood turns playful. Another go-round of themes is given before a variant of the main theme leads to the brilliant and colorful coda. A typical performance of this work lasts about five to six minutes.

Scorpions - Still loving you (iConcerts SatRIP)



Hindi Ko Kaya - Vina Morales & Denise Laurel (Lyrics)



Tomaso Albinoni - Adagio (best live version) Copernicus Chamber Orchestra



Once Upon A Time In The West (Finale)---Ennio Morricone


 

Cyrille Aimée - "La Vie En Rose" (w/ Pat Bartley, Sean Jones & Emmet Cohen)



Wednesday, July 16, 2025

SYMPHONY No. 1 by HORST-HANS BÄCKER


Symphony from the Cicle: In the New World dedicated in Gratitude to MILAGROS ONG-HOW The musical subjects are based on the name of the dedicatee and one movement includes the Choral by Martin Luther: A Mighty Fortress Is Our God Movement I: 00:00 - 08:05 Movement II: 08:10 - 20:11 Movement III: 20:16 - 24:14 Movement IV: 24:16 - 28:15 Movement V: 28:19 - 35:17