Thursday, July 23, 2020

A digital artist is creating remarkable 3D portraits of Brahms, Liszt and Chopin


Liszt, Chopin and Brahms
Liszt, Chopin and Brahms. Picture: Hadi Karimi
By Maddy Shaw Roberts, ClassicFM
The great composers’ faces, reconstructed as if they are alive today.
An artist has been crafting digital portraits of the great Romantics, bringing four musical greats once shrouded in awe and mystery into the modern world.
ChopinLisztBrahms and Schubert can all be admired in 3D and in color, as if reborn from the ashes.
Hadi Karimi, the Iranian CG artist behind the new renderings, is an expert in sculpting 3D portraits of Hollywood stars and other famous figures. But, he says, he’s “always been a fan of classical music”. So, he decided to take on a new project.
“We grew up with all these beautiful symphonies and memorable melodies, but do we know the minds behind them?” Karimi tells Classic FM.
“Sometimes we remember them by just a name and if we’re lucky there’s a painting or a black and white photo from centuries ago that could barely show us what they actually looked like.”
Faces, as Karimi says, get lost in history. Photographs quickly deteriorate, and we are left with only death masks and portraits to rely on for an accurate picture of what our treasured historical figures actually looked like.
Karimi adds: “The mid-19th century was the time that photography started to become popular throughout Europe and paintings, life masks, began to fade. Daguerreotypes were very expensive and only the wealthy could afford them – and the same with masks and paintings!”
Of Chopin, there are just two known photographs: an unflattering daguerreotype, which was taken when the Polish composer was rather ill; and a reproduced version of a deteriorated photograph, that was lost during the Second World War. With no ‘true’ photographs to play with, Karimi worked from the composer’s death mask.
For Schubert, who – incredibly – wasn’t famous during his lifetime, the situation was equally tricky, as the Austrian early Romantic couldn’t have afforded a skilled artist to do his portrait.
“Most of the portraits of him were done decades after his death when his music finally started to make it to the mainstream,” Karimi explains. “All I could find as a reference was just one photo of a cast impression of his life/death mask, unfortunately the original mask is lost or destroyed in the market.”
But for Brahms and Liszt, the process was slightly easier.
Liszt is based on photographs of the composer, taken by Franz Hanfstaengl in 1858. And for the former, “Luckily there are many photographs of Brahms on the internet, even from his teenage years! I tried to picture him in his thirties (around 1860).”
All the sculpting was done using ZBrush, a digital sculpting tool that combines 3D and 2.5D modelling, texturing and painting. The colour texture was painted in Substance Painter, and for the German maestro’s floppy locks, the artist used XGen, an interactive tool used for creating realistic-looking hair.
“Thanks to the current technology along with the techniques that I’ve learned throughout my career as a CG artist, I can present to you the result of days and nights of my works and studies,” Karimi says.
“In this series of facial reconstructions, not only did I gather the references like photographs, paintings, life/death masks, … but also took a step further to study their personality so that I could reflect that in their facial expressions.
“I hope that I did them justice,” Karimi adds.
The reaction to his portraits has been extraordinary. “Amazing as usual,” one Twitter user comments. Other have requested Beethoven and Wagner as the next composers to get the 3D treatment.
British pianist and Chopin expert Warren Mailley-Smith, who five years ago memorised the Romantic’s entire repertoire for solo piano, remarked it was “quite incredible to actually see the man”.
“Some of these great composers can end up with such legendary, god-like status it’s easy to forget how perfectly ordinary as human beings they otherwise were.”

Thursday, June 25, 2020

Barcelona opera house reopens with a live audience of 2,292 plants

25 June 2020

The string quartet will serenaded the audience of plants at Barcelona’s Liceu on Monday
The string quartet will serenaded the audience of plants at Barcelona’s Liceu on Monday. Picture: Getty
By Sian Hamer, CLASSIC FM London
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A string quartet serenaded the “growing” audience at the reopening of Barcelona’s Liceu on Monday.
Spain, a country deeply rooted in live music traditions, is marking the return of classical concerts following coronavirus lockdown. But it wasn’t members of the public who attended this first opera house showing…
Instead, the seats at the Gran Teatro del Liceu were reserved for the leaves, shoots and roots of an all-plant audience, or a “vegetable kingdom”, as artistic director Víctor García de Gomar coined it.
The Uceli Quartet performed Puccini’s single-movement ‘Crisantemi’ (Chrysanthemums) for the 2,292 potted patrons, the inspiration for which was a striking yellow flower.
The ‘Concert for the Biocene’ took place on Monday (22 June), and though the guest list was strictly limited to vegetation, humans still enjoyed the event via a livestream.
Eugenio Ampudia, the artist behind the concert, wanted to reflect the social effect that the confinement of lockdown has caused, across the globe.
We have become, Ampudia says on the Liceu’s website, “a public deprived of the possibility of being public”.
“At a time when an important part of humankind has shut itself up in enclosed spaces and been obliged to relinquish movement, nature has crept forward to occupy the spaces we have ceded,” he told the Guardian.
Ampudia continues: “And it has done so at is own rhythm, according to its patient biological cycle. Can we broaden our empathy and bring it to bear on other species? Let’s start by using art and music and inviting nature into a great concert hall.”
All the leafy concert attendees have been donated to health workers following the event, to thank them for all their efforts during the pandemic. (C) 2020 ClassicFM London

Thursday, June 11, 2020

14 great classical composers who also happened to be gay

Great composers who happened to be gay

Great composers who happened to be gay. Picture: Getty
By Rosie Pentreath, ClassicFM London
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From Copland to Corelli, we celebrate some of the greatest LGBTQ+ composers in classical music history.
With Pride season in full swing, we take a moment to celebrate the incredible contributions queer composers have made to the history of classical music.
  1. Benjamin Britten (1913-1976)

    Edward Benjamin Britten is one of the finest composers of English operas, choral works, and songs, many of which he wrote for his life partner, tenor Sir Peter Pears.
    Britten started writing music as young as nine, when he wrote an oratorio. He studied under Frank Bridge, John Ireland and Arthur Benjamin among others, and was also a fine pianist.
    His ground-breaking operas, which include Peter Grimes (1945), and The Turn of the Screw (1954) – and his famous War Requiem – tackle contemporaneous issues around psychology and post-war trauma, as well his own homosexuality, which was illegal in Britten’s lifetime.
    Britten founded the Aldeburgh Festival in Suffolk with Pears and librettist Eric Crozier.
    Sir Benjamin Britten on Aldeburgh Beach
    Sir Benjamin Britten on Aldeburgh Beach. Picture: Getty
  2. Dame Ethel Smyth (1858-1944)

    Ethel Smyth was a prolific composer and an active member of the women’s suffrage movement, and she made no secret of her relationships with women.
    Born in South-East London, Smyth studied at the Leipzig Conservatory and there met composers that included GriegTchaikovskyClara Schumann and Brahms. Her best-known works are the opera The Wreckers and her Mass in D.
    Her 1911 song, ‘The March of the Women’, which had lyrics by Cicely Hamilton, was dedicated to movement leader Emmeline Pankhurst – documented to have been a lover of Smyth’s – and became the official anthem of the Women’s Social and Political Union and women’s suffrage activism around the world.
    At the age of 71 Smyth, by all accounts, met and fell in love with Virginia Woolf (who would have been in her 40s at the time). Woolf described it as “like being caught by a giant crab”, for better or worse...
    Dame Ethel Smyth
    Dame Ethel Smyth. Picture: Getty
  3. Francis Poulenc (1899-1963)

    As well as being one of the first openly gay composers full stop, Poulenc also didn’t eschew his sexuality in the context of his religious faith.
    His compositions spanned from intimate chamber sonatas with sublime, twisting melodies and delicate impressionist harmonies (think the 1957 Flute Sonata), to his Piano Concerto and epic one-act opera for soprano and orchestra, La voix humaine.
    Music scholars continue to debate whether or not the diverse range of styles in his music serve as an outward representation of an inner moral conflict in Poulenc.
  4. Pyotr Ilyich Tchaikovsky (1840-1893)

    Tchaikovsky was born in Votkinsk, a small town in the Russian Empire, and began composition lessons with Anton Rubinstein in 1861. His great works include his ballets like Swan LakeThe Sleeping Beauty, and The Nutcracker, and his 1812 Overture.
    He had a disastrous marriage to one Antonina Miliukova in 1877 and attempted suicide. Tchaikovsky was gay at a time when it was illegal in Russia. His marriage was designed to stop people gossiping about his love life – but it turned into a source of misery and torment for both him and Miliukova.
    Tchaikovsky apparently fell in love with his own nephew Vladimir Davydov, a complication that was cut short by the older man’s tragic death from cholera – or another cause if other theories are to be believed – in 1893.
    Listen to a rare recording of Tchaikovsky's voice
    The wax cylinder recording is from 1890
  5. George Frideric Handel (1685-1759)

    Handel’s choral and operatic compositions remain among the most influential pieces ever written – from the enduringly popular Messiah, to the operas Rinaldo and Agrippina – not to mention his fine orchestral, chamber and instrumental works.
    The great composer was born in Halle, Germany, and studied music from a young age. He moved to England as an established composer, after English audiences particularly took to his 1711 opera Rinaldo.
    He was believed to have been gay, moving in circles in Italy and London where same-sex desire was accepted. Music historian Ellen Harris leads on the case for Handel’s homosexuality, arguing that his cantatas exhibit a clear homosexual subtext in her book Handel as Orpheus.
    Zadok the Priest – Handel
    The Royal Liverpool Philharmonic Orchestra and Choir perform at Classic FM's 25th birthday concert
  6. Jean-Baptiste Lully (1632-1687)

    The operatic composer and violinist Jean-Baptiste Lully worked in the court of King Louis XIV and was an ambitious figure in court and operatic music, dominating French opera in the 17th century.
    As well as being known for rising up influential ranks impressively quickly, Lully is thought to have had quite the colourful private life, embarking on affairs with both men and women – to the extent it got him in hot water with the King.
    Lully died relatively young, succumbing to a fatal infection in a wound on his foot, inflicted by his own conducting stick.
    Jean-Baptiste Lully
    Jean-Baptiste Lully. Picture: Getty
  7. Arcangelo Corelli (1653-1713)

    Corelli was a contemporary of both Lully and Handel (see above), moving in the same sexually-fluid circles as them. And like them, he was associated with gay clergyman, Cardinal Pietro Ottoboni.
    The Baroque composer and violinist is known for his chamber sonatas and concerti grossi, and has gone down in history for refusing to play a section of Handel’s oratorio, The Triumph Of Time And Truth, because a violin note went higher than Corelli believed appropriate for the instrument.
    Corelli: Christmas Concerto, from The Swingle Si
  8. Frederick the Great (1712-1786)

    King Frederick II of Prussia once wrote “Fortune has it in for me; she is a woman, and I am not that way inclined” following a particularly bitter defeat in battle.
    History has documented the King as having an early affair with Peter Karl Christoph von Keith, a page boy of his father Frederick William I’s, as well as Lieutenant of the Prussian Army, Hans Hermann von Katte, whom Frederick William had killed in response to these revelations about his son.
    Frederick the Great composed several concertos and sonatas, and was also a flautist who studied with Johann Joachim Quantz.
  9. Aaron Copland (1900-1990)

    New York-born composer, Aaron Copland, was one of the many renowned composition students of Paris Conservatoire’s Nadia Boulanger, whose roster of composition, performance and conducting students pretty much dominated 20th century music – from Astor PiazzollaPhilip Glass and Quincy Jones, to Daniel Barenboim and John Eliot Gardiner.
    Copland, whose best-known works include Appalachian Spring and Fanfare for the Common Man, was a famously private man, but unearthed letters between him and artist Prentiss Taylor indicate an intimate relationship. Copland also didn’t hide the fact he lived and travelled with other men, including photographer Victor Kraft and artist Alvin Ross.
    10-year-old Peter Leung plays Aaron Copland's 'The Cat and the Mouse'
    The child prodigy performed at the Oxford Piano Festival
  10. Samuel Barber (1910-1981)

    Unlike Copland, US composer Samuel Barber made no effort to keep his homosexuality out of explicit view and his life partner was composer Gian Carlo Menotti, who he studied with at the Curtis Institute.
    Barber won the Pulitzer Prize for Music twice – in 1958 for his opera Vanessa, and again in 1963 for his Piano Concerto.
    His Adagio for Strings was one of the first works by an American composer to be championed by the indomitable Arturo Toscanini, and featured famously in Oliver Stone’s 1987 film, Platoon.
    ThatCelloGuy performs Samuel Barber's 'Adagio for Strings'
  11. Gian Carlo Menotti (1911-2007)

    Not as much of a household name as his life partner Samuel Barber (see above), Italian composer Gian Carlo Menotti was no less lauded for his works. He was also a Pulitzer Prize-winner, having earned the accolade for his operas The Consul and The Saint of Bleecker Street.
    He founded the Spoleto Festival in the US in 1958, and 10 years later expanded it to the Melbourne Spoleto Festival, now known as the Melbourne International Arts Festival.
  12. Leonard Bernstein (1918-1990)

    Leonard Bernstein also studied at the Curtis Institute with Barber and Menotti (see above), and although he had an on-again-off-again relationship with actor Felicia Cohn Montealegre and eventually married her, he was openly gay.
    Montealegre herself wrote publicly about it in her book, The Bernstein Letters, “you are a homosexual and may never change – you don’t admit to the possibility of a double life, but if your peace of mind, your health, your whole nervous system depend on a certain sexual pattern what can you do?”.
    And Bernstein’s West Side Story collaborator Arthur Laurents is known to have called Bernstein “a gay man who got married”, stating, “He wasn't conflicted about it at all. He was just gay.”
    West Side Story (1961) – Official Trailer
    Credit: United Artists/The Mirisch Company Seven Arts Productions
  13. Franz Schubert (1797-1828)

    In his short life – he died even younger than Mozart, at just 31 – the great Romantic composer Franz Schubert composed 600 Lieder (songs), nine symphonies and numerous other large and smaller-scale works.
    In 1989, music historian Maynard Solomon suggested (controversially at the time), that Schubert’s song lyrics carry the evidence that Schubert was romantically attracted to men – something that has been hotly contested, including by historian Rita Steblin who believes Schubert was “chasing men”. Others have picked up on the former theory more recently, but it seems the Jury is still out.
  14. John Cage (1912-1992)

    John Cage – who famously “wrote” 4 minutes and 33 seconds of silence to explore concert hall ambience and what music actually means – married artist Xenia Andreyevna Kashevaroff, the daughter of a Russian priest, in 1935.
    But before that, Cage had had an ongoing relationship with Don Sample, as well as an affair with the wife of architect Rudolf Schindler, Pauline Gibling – so his sexuality was clearly fluid.
  15. (C) 2020 by ClassicFM London